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Markets

Stablecoins

Stablecoin issuance, market share, depegs, and reserve backing across USDT, USDC, DAI, and other major stablecoins.

Stablecoins are the plumbing underneath nearly every crypto market. They sit between traders exiting volatile positions, companies settling cross-border payments, and DeFi protocols looking for a dollar-denominated unit of account. When liquidity tightens, the flows show up here first: millions or even billions can leave the largest issuers in a single session, and pegs wobble by tenths of a cent before snapping back. For a crypto reader, this category is less about the tokens themselves and more about the signals they send about risk appetite, dollar funding and the bridge between traditional finance and on-chain settlement.

Zipp tracks the stablecoin beat day to day: issuance and redemption volumes across USDT, USDC, DAI and the fast-growing DeFi-native alternatives; weekly shifts in market share and on-chain liquidity; reserve backing, attestations and custodial arrangements with major banks; and any deviation from the dollar peg, however brief. We also follow the policy and infrastructure layer: how regulators in the US, Europe and Asia frame the asset class, which corporates issue or distribute stablecoins, and how payment networks and asset managers are wiring them into existing rails.

The past month has made the stakes obvious. Stablecoin supply contracted sharply during a US-Iran risk-off move, wiping out several billion dollars in a day. Treasurers at Standard Chartered and BNY opened new custodial and mint-and-burn channels for USDC. A new issuer, OUSD, launched with backing from BlackRock, Visa, Mastercard and Coinbase, sending Circle's share price down on the competitive threat. Bessent framed stablecoins and tokenisation as instruments of US economic power, while the Bank of Korea raised rates for the first time in three years, a reminder that the macro backdrop still drives the flows that land in this corner of the market.

Related tokens

Frequently asked questions

  1. What is a stablecoin and how does it stay pegged to the dollar?

    A stablecoin is a crypto token whose value is meant to track a reference price, usually 1 US dollar, backed by reserves such as cash, short-dated Treasuries or other liquid assets. Pegs are maintained through arbitrage: when the market price slips below $1, authorised participants redeem the token for dollars and remove supply; when it trades above $1, new tokens are minted and sold, pushing the price back down.

  2. What is the difference between USDT, USDC and DAI?

    USDT (Tether) and USDC (Circle) are the two largest fiat-backed stablecoins, issued off-chain against reserves held by their respective companies and distributed across many blockchains. DAI is a crypto-backed stablecoin issued by the MakerDAO protocol, collateralised by over-collateralised crypto deposits locked in smart contracts rather than held by a centralised custodian.

  3. Why do stablecoin flows matter for crypto markets?

    Stablecoins are the main funding currency on trading venues, so large inflows signal fresh buying power ready to deploy into Bitcoin, Ether or altcoins, while large outflows indicate that traders are moving to the sidelines or off the chain entirely. Sudden drops in stablecoin market cap are also closely watched as an early read on risk-off conditions before they show up in equity or FX volatility.

  4. What does it mean when a stablecoin 'depegs'?

    A depeg occurs when a stablecoin trades meaningfully away from its target price, typically below $1 for dollar-pegged tokens. Short-lived dips of a fraction of a cent happen regularly during stress; deeper or longer-lasting depegs usually reflect reserve concerns, liquidity crunches or counterparty risk and can force redemptions, circuit breakers or, in extreme cases, issuer intervention.