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SEC Backs CFTC in Legal Fight Over Stock Perpetuals

The court challenge puts oversight of equity perpetuals at issue as crypto and prediction-market firms seek to list the products.

The SEC has filed a court brief supporting the CFTC against a challenge to its approval of perpetual derivatives tied to individual U.S. stocks. The Capital Markets Alliance, whose members include Cboe and Citadel Securities, wants the approvals overturned and argues that the products fall under SEC jurisdiction.

The applications of Coinbase, Kalshi and Kraken parent Payward to list equity perpetuals were deemed approved on Nov. 2. All three are among the firms that filed a joint brief opposing the alliance's lawsuit.

Why it matters

The dispute centers on which regulator should oversee derivatives that give traders exposure to individual stocks without a conventional expiration date. The alliance argues that the CFTC violated the Administrative Procedure Act and failed to explain its decision.

The SEC rejected the alliance's depiction of the CFTC as having “gone rogue,” saying the agencies collaborate on oversight and that the CFTC's rule changes are also subject to SEC review.

Market impact

The legal challenge puts the approvals sought by Coinbase, Kalshi and Payward in focus as firms pursue U.S. stock-linked perpetuals. The SEC's support strengthens the CFTC's position, though the court has been asked to vacate the approvals.

Better Markets and former SEC Commissioner Allison Herren Lee have argued that the products should be regulated by the SEC. Better Markets calls them securities swaps and warns of the risk of total losses for retail investors.

Frequently asked questions

  1. Why is the Capital Markets Alliance challenging the approvals?

    The alliance argues that equity perpetuals fall under SEC jurisdiction, and that the CFTC violated the Administrative Procedure Act and failed to explain its decision.

  2. Which firms have approved applications to list equity perpetuals?

    Coinbase, Kalshi and Kraken parent Payward submitted applications that were deemed approved on Nov. 2.

  3. What does the SEC say about its oversight relationship with the CFTC?

    The SEC says it collaborates with the CFTC and that the CFTC's rule changes are also subject to SEC review.

  4. What is the Capital Markets Alliance asking the court to do?

    The alliance has asked the court to vacate the approvals for the products.

  5. What risks has Better Markets raised about equity perpetuals?

    Better Markets argues that the products are securities swaps that should be regulated by the SEC. It warns that retail investors risk total losses.

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